↑ reinforcing ↓ reducing ⊥ even method.
1. Excess-Heat
Clinical manifestations: Intense thirst with a strong craving for ice-cold drinks, a red flushed face and eyes, profuse sweating, restlessness and irritability, dry mouth.
Tongue: Red, dry with a thick yellow coating, possibly prickly. Pulse: Rapid, forceful, overflowing.
Treatment principle: Clear intense internal heat from the Yangming stage and generate fluids.
Note: Confirmed absent again: no deck on this site carries a standalone, non-organ-specific Excess-Heat category.
2. Body Fluids Deficiency
Clinical manifestations: Constant thirst with a desire to drink water, dry mouth and lips, dry lacklustre skin, scanty dark urine; drinking brings only temporary relief.
Tongue: Red, dry, thin with cracks and little or no coating. Pulse: Fine and rapid.
Treatment principle: Increase fluids and moisten dryness, replenishing reserves depleted after fever, heavy sweating or prolonged illness.
Note: Confirmed absent again: no deck on this site names a standalone Body-Fluids-Deficiency category.
Clinical manifestations: Thirst that is worse at night with a desire for small sips, dry mouth and throat, night sweats, heat in the palms soles and chest, flushed cheekbones, a low-grade afternoon fever.
Tongue: Red, thin with cracks, little or no coating, dry. Pulse: Fine and rapid.
Treatment principle: Nourish Kidney and Lung Yin, cooling the empty-heat at its root.
4. Qi and Yin Deficiency
Clinical manifestations: Dry mouth with little desire to drink, fatigue and lack of strength, shortness of breath on exertion, spontaneous daytime sweating, a warm sensation in the palms soles and chest.
Tongue: Pale-red or red, thin or absent coating, dry, possibly cracked. Pulse: Fine and weak, may be rapid.
Treatment principle: Boost Qi while nourishing Yin and generating fluids.
Note: Confirmed absent again: standalone combined Qi-and-Yin-Deficiency has no matching deck slide on this site.
5. Damp-Heat
Clinical manifestations: Thirst with little actual desire to drink, a sticky greasy mouth sensation, a heavy sluggish body, chest and upper-abdominal stuffiness, dark yellow or scanty urine, nausea or queasiness.
Tongue: Red with a yellow greasy coating. Pulse: Soggy-rapid — floating, soft, fine, accelerated.
Treatment principle: Drain the sticky turbid obstruction blocking normal fluid movement so trapped fluids can rise to moisten the mouth.
Clinical manifestations: Thirst with a desire for warm, not cold, drinks; a cold sensation in the lower back and legs; frequent clear urination especially at night; fatigue and a tendency to chill.
Tongue: Pale, puffy, tender with teeth marks, wet white coating. Pulse: Deep, slow, weak, especially at the rear (Chi) position.
Treatment principle: Warm Kidney-Yang to restore the body's ability to vaporize fluids upward.